Obesity rates have been rising around the world, spurring the need for action and effective solutions to aid in weight loss and improved health.

Though diet, exercise, and other lifestyle changes can help with shedding pounds, the process is more complex for certain individuals. As such, new weight loss drugs have emerged as a blockbuster weight loss solution, addressing biological factors impeding weight loss and leveling the playing field.

These medications have skyrocketed in popularity and demand; it’s estimated that by 2032, the weight loss drug market could be worth $82.2 billion, a massive jump from $1.9 billion in 2022. Though many are aware of popular names like Ozempic and Mounjaro, how they work may not be as well-known. Here’s a closer look at the top weight loss drugs and how they help with weight loss:

Semaglutide

Semaglutide drugs are one of the more popular and well-known types of weight loss medications, sold under the names Ozempic and Wegovy. They are under a class of drugs called glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) agonists. This drug mimics the naturally occurring GLP-1 hormone in the body, and it prompts the release of more insulin after eating to control the rise of blood sugar levels.

This has made them a helpful drug for type 2 diabetes treatment, but using GLP-1 for weight loss has also been effective. It promotes the feeling of fullness for longer, reducing food consumption and cravings to aid in weight loss. Patients can lose an average of 15% body weight. Those qualified to take these medications are people with a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or higher or a BMI of at least 27 with a weight-related health problem.

Tirzepatide

Tirzepatide medications work in a similar way to semaglutide drugs. Once-weekly injections like Mounjaro and Zepbound control the appetite by imitating the function of the GLP-1 hormone. It also simulates another hormone called gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP). These hormones help stimulate the release of insulin to control blood sugar levels and also suppress the appetite to encourage weight loss.

Though they function similarly, tirzepatide was associated with more significant weight loss results compared to semaglutide. It has also been found to be effective beyond weight loss. The drug can help improve sleep apnea, a condition that is commonly found in those struggling with obesity. By addressing both weight loss and sleep apnea, patients can enjoy enhanced well-being.

Orlistat

Unlike the drugs taken through injection, Orlistat is taken in capsule form. This medication blocks the absorption of fat. It inhibits lipase, an enzyme that breaks down fat from the food you eat.

The fat that isn’t broken down passes through the body instead of being stored, encouraging weight loss. Patients take the medication before, during, or up to one hour after every meal containing fat.

Phentermine-topiramate

Phentermine-topiramate is a combination of two medications that help with weight loss. Phentermine is a stimulant that reduces appetite and has also long been used on its own for weight loss. It has also been found to aid in weight loss if a patient discontinues the use of a GLP-1 medication.

When phentermine is paired with topiramate, efficacy is increased. Topiramate is an anticonvulsant used to manage seizures and epilepsy. The two are combined in a once-daily extended-release medication called Qsymia, which suppresses appetite and prolongs the feeling of fullness.

Lifestyle changes are still a must!

Various weight loss drugs have emerged to help people lose weight, treat obesity, and improve well-being effectively. However, the medications aren’t a silver bullet for shedding pounds. Patients are advised to pair the weight loss drugs with a healthy lifestyle program to boost their effectiveness. A balanced, nutritious diet is essential, especially since patients are consuming less food.

Physical activity is also necessary to boost well-being and maintain muscle mass when losing weight. By setting realistic goals and finding an enjoyable diet and regime, patients can retain motivation to stay committed to their medical weight loss journey and lose weight effectively.